Intel Core i9-12900K vs Intel Core i9-14900KS

Intel Core i9-12900KAlder Lake

Intel Core i9-14900KSRaptor Lake

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification

Different hardware. A chip name or generation does not quantify real-world performance.

CPU cores

Intel Core i9-12900K16

Intel Core i9-14900KS24

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Total of Performance-cores and Efficient-cores, which run at different speeds.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Total of Performance-cores and Efficient-cores, which run at different speeds.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Efficient-cores

Intel Core i9-12900K8

Intel Core i9-14900KS16

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Efficient-cores are separate from Performance-cores.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Efficient-cores are separate from Performance-cores.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Maximum single-core turbo

Intel Core i9-12900K5.2 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KS6.2 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Published clock limits are not application speed. Boost depends on workload, cooling and firmware; it is not a sustained all-core frequency.

L3 cache

Intel Core i9-12900K30 MB

Intel Core i9-14900KS36 MB

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel Smart Cache (L3).

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel Smart Cache (L3).

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Thread count

Intel Core i9-12900K24

Intel Core i9-14900KS32

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Show 21 more verified differences

Base / boost clocks and conditions

Intel Core i9-12900KP-cores: 3.20 GHz base, up to 5.10 GHz turbo; E-cores: 2.40 GHz base, up to 3.90 GHz turbo; maximum single-core turbo up to 5.20 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KSP-cores: 3.20 GHz base, up to 5.70 GHz turbo; E-cores: 2.40 GHz base, up to 4.50 GHz turbo; maximum single-core turbo up to 6.20 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Maximum turbo applies to eligible cores, not all cores at once; clocks depend on workload, temperature, power settings and the motherboard.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Maximum turbo applies to eligible cores, not all cores at once; clocks depend on workload, temperature, power settings and the motherboard. Thermal Velocity Boost and Turbo Boost Max 3.0 are separate from the regular P-core turbo.

Published clock limits are not application speed. Boost depends on workload, cooling and firmware; it is not a sustained all-core frequency.

Core count and architecture

Intel Core i9-12900K16 total (8 Performance-cores + 8 Efficient-cores)

Intel Core i9-14900KS24 total (8 Performance-cores + 16 Efficient-cores)

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification

Different hardware. A chip name or generation does not quantify real-world performance.

Total L2 cache

Intel Core i9-12900K14 MB

Intel Core i9-14900KS32 MB

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Total L2 cache, distinct from shared L3.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Total L2 cache, distinct from shared L3.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Memory support

Intel Core i9-12900KUp to DDR5-4800 or DDR4-3200; 128 GB maximum; 2 channels

Intel Core i9-14900KSUp to DDR5-5600 or DDR4-3200; 192 GB maximum; 2 channels

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Maximum supported memory

Intel Core i9-12900K128 GB

Intel Core i9-14900KS192 GB

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Intel Application Optimization

Intel Core i9-12900KLimited (Advanced Mode only)

Intel Core i9-14900KSSupported

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Needs Windows 11, a compatible BIOS and Intel DTT/IPF (DTT 11405 or newer). The 12900K falls under Intel's 12th-generation Advanced Mode policy; limited support can cause slowdowns, and only selected applications benefit.

Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Application Optimization — verified models and limited Advanced Mode support

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Needs Windows 11, a compatible BIOS and Intel DTT/IPF. Intel lists the 14900KS as a supported processor; only selected applications benefit.

Intel Application Optimization — verified models and limited Advanced Mode support

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Rated DDR5 transfer ceiling

Intel Core i9-12900K4800 MT/s

Intel Core i9-14900KS5600 MT/s

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Efficient-core maximum turbo

Intel Core i9-12900K3.9 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KS4.5 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Integrated GPU device ID

Intel Core i9-12900K0x4680

Intel Core i9-14900KS0xA780

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Graphics device ID.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Graphics device ID.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Integrated graphics dynamic ceiling

Intel Core i9-12900K1.55 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KS1.65 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Maximum graphics clock.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Maximum graphics clock.

Published clock limits are not application speed. Boost depends on workload, cooling and firmware; it is not a sustained all-core frequency.

Manufacturer launch quarter

Intel Core i9-12900KQ4 2021

Intel Core i9-14900KSQ1 2024

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's launch quarter, not a sign of current stock.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's launch quarter, not a sign of current stock.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Listed management capabilities

Intel Core i9-12900KAMT; Standard Manageability; One-Click Recovery; Hardware Shield eligibility; Stable IT Platform Program

Intel Core i9-14900KSAMT; Standard Manageability; Remote Platform Erase; One-Click Recovery; Hardware Shield eligibility

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Maximum Turbo Power

Intel Core i9-12900K241 W

Intel Core i9-14900KS253 W

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Published maximum memory bandwidth

Intel Core i9-12900K76.8 GB/s

Intel Core i9-14900KS89.6 GB/s

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum memory bandwidth; actual bandwidth depends on the memory configuration.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum memory bandwidth; actual bandwidth depends on the memory configuration.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Performance-core regular turbo

Intel Core i9-12900K5.1 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KS5.7 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Peak Performance-core turbo, not a sustained all-core speed; separate from Turbo Boost Max 3.0 and Thermal Velocity Boost.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Peak Performance-core turbo, not a sustained all-core speed; separate from Turbo Boost Max 3.0 and Thermal Velocity Boost.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Boxed packaging

Intel Core i9-12900KStandard box; premium gold-wafer box discontinued

Intel Core i9-14900KSStandard box; premium silver-wafer box discontinued

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel moved the i9-12900K to a standard box design. The earlier premium box, with the processor in a golden plastic wafer holder, is discontinued but may still be on sale; check which box the seller supplies.

Intel i9-12900K and i9-12900KS — original and replacement packaging

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel moved the i9-14900KS to a standard box design. The earlier premium box, with the processor in a silver plastic wafer holder, is discontinued; the processor is the same in either box. Check which box the seller supplies.

Intel i9-14900K and i9-14900KS — boxed packaging transition

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Processor power definitions

Intel Core i9-12900K125 W Processor Base Power; 241 W Maximum Turbo Power

Intel Core i9-14900KS150 W Processor Base Power; 253 W Maximum Turbo Power

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Processor Base Power

Intel Core i9-12900K125 W

Intel Core i9-14900KS150 W

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Listed security capabilities

Intel Core i9-12900KThreat Detection; Secure Key; Control-Flow Enforcement; Total Memory Encryption - Multi Key; AES New Instructions; OS Guard; Trusted Execution; Execute Disable Bit; Boot Guard; Mode-based Execute Control; Total Memory Encryption

Intel Core i9-14900KSThreat Detection; Secure Key; Control-Flow Enforcement; Total Memory Encryption - Multi Key; AES New Instructions; OS Guard; Trusted Execution; Execute Disable Bit; Boot Guard; Mode-based Execute Control

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; no system is secure against every threat.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; no system is secure against every threat.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Turbo Boost Max 3.0 frequency

Intel Core i9-12900K5.2 GHz

Intel Core i9-14900KS5.9 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Intel vPro eligibility

Intel Core i9-12900KEnterprise

Intel Core i9-14900KSEnterprise; Essentials; Platform

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; vPro eligibility isn't certification of a built PC.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; vPro eligibility isn't certification of a built PC.

Check the exact configuration and source conditions for your use.

Configuration & compatibility details (3)

BIOS and stability guidance

Intel Core i9-12900KNot affected by the 13th/14th-generation Vmin Shift issue

Intel Core i9-14900KSUse the latest board BIOS with Intel microcode 0x12F or later and the relevant Intel Default Settings

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's statement of 30 August 2024 covers the 13th/14th-generation Vmin Shift issue only.

Intel employee statement — 12th-generation products outside the Vmin Shift issue

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's guidance reduces a specific reported instability risk; it doesn't repair a processor that is already damaged.

Intel Vmin Shift guidance — reviewed 21 July 2026

These descriptions or measurements differ. Wording alone does not establish a different capability; check the exact configuration.

Boxed ordering code

Intel Core i9-12900KBX8071512900K

Intel Core i9-14900KSBX8071514900KS

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel's order code for the boxed version; tray and China-market BXC versions have different codes.

Intel i9-12900K — exact BOX ordering and specification codes

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel's order code for the boxed version; tray and China-market BXC versions have different codes.

Intel i9-14900KS — exact BOX ordering and specification codes

These descriptions or measurements differ. Wording alone does not establish a different capability; check the exact configuration.

Specification codes and steppings

Intel Core i9-12900KSRL4H (C0)

Intel Core i9-14900KSSRN7R (B0)

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Intel lists this specification code and stepping for the boxed order code.

Intel i9-12900K — exact BOX ordering and specification codes

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Intel lists this specification code and stepping for the boxed order code.

Intel i9-14900KS — exact BOX ordering and specification codes

These descriptions or measurements differ. Wording alone does not establish a different capability; check the exact configuration.

Missing or non-comparable evidence (3)

Intel Adaptive Boost

Intel Core i9-12900KNot verified

Intel Core i9-14900KSYes

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Intel's 12900K specification page doesn't list Adaptive Boost Technology. · Manufacturer specification

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software.

Evidence is missing or conflicting on at least one side. This is not a verified difference.

Intel Optane Memory support

Intel Core i9-12900KYes

Intel Core i9-14900KSNot verified

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Manufacturer specification · Needs a compatible chipset, drive, software and operating system.

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Intel's 14900KS specification page doesn't list Optane Memory support. · Manufacturer specification

Evidence is missing or conflicting on at least one side. This is not a verified difference.

Thermal Velocity Boost frequency

Intel Core i9-12900KNot verified

Intel Core i9-14900KS6.2 GHz

Sources

Intel Core i9-12900K

Intel's 12900K specification page doesn't list a Thermal Velocity Boost frequency. · Manufacturer specification

Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications

Intel Core i9-14900KS

Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency when temperature and power allow, not a sustained all-core speed.

Evidence is missing or conflicting on at least one side. This is not a verified difference.

36 shared fields have the same recorded value.

WHAT EACH CHOICE ASKS OF YOU

What it brings and what to check

Intel Core i9-12900K

What it brings

8 Performance-cores and 8 Efficient-cores (24 threads) with up to 5.2 GHz turbo and 30 MB of L3 cache, plus UHD Graphics 770 with Quick Sync Video.
Manufacturer source
Unlocked for overclocking with Intel XTU 7.14, works with DDR4-3200 or DDR5-4800 memory, supports ECC on compatible platforms and has lower power limits (125 W base, 241 W maximum turbo) than the 14900KS.
Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source

What to check

Fewer Efficient-cores (8) and a lower 128 GB memory ceiling than the 14900KS (16 and 192 GB). No cooler is included, and Intel Application Optimization (APO) is limited to Advanced Mode on enabled platforms.
Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source
Memory is rated only up to DDR5-4800 or DDR4-3200, so faster kits run beyond Intel's specification.
Manufacturer source

Intel Core i9-14900KS

What it brings

8 Performance-cores and 16 Efficient-cores (32 threads), up to 6.2 GHz turbo and 36 MB of L3 cache, with DDR5-5600 or DDR4-3200 memory support up to 192 GB.
Manufacturer source
Unlocked for overclocking with Intel XTU 7.14, plus Quick Sync Video, Thread Director and Intel Application Optimization (APO) support on enabled platforms.
Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source

What to check

High power limits (150 W base, 253 W maximum turbo) and no cooler in the box, so budget for strong cooling. Intel advises the latest motherboard BIOS with microcode 0x12F or later and Intel Default Settings; this doesn't repair a processor that is already unstable.
Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source Manufacturer source
Intel Application Optimization (APO) needs Windows 11, a compatible BIOS and Intel DTT/IPF, and only speeds up selected applications.
Manufacturer source

COMPARE THE DETAILS

Full specifications

How we verify

Differences only

69 of 69 specifications Sources in each row

Source-backed specifications for Intel Core i9-12900K and Intel Core i9-14900KS
Specification	Intel Core i9-12900K	Intel Core i9-14900KS

Core count and architectureDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	16 total (8 Performance-cores + 8 Efficient-cores)	24 total (8 Performance-cores + 16 Efficient-cores)
Thread countDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	24	32
Base / boost clocks and conditionsDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Maximum turbo applies to eligible cores, not all cores at once; clocks depend on workload, temperature, power settings and the motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Maximum turbo applies to eligible cores, not all cores at once; clocks depend on workload, temperature, power settings and the motherboard. Thermal Velocity Boost and Turbo Boost Max 3.0 are separate from the regular P-core turbo. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	P-cores: 3.20 GHz base, up to 5.10 GHz turbo; E-cores: 2.40 GHz base, up to 3.90 GHz turbo; maximum single-core turbo up to 5.20 GHz	P-cores: 3.20 GHz base, up to 5.70 GHz turbo; E-cores: 2.40 GHz base, up to 4.50 GHz turbo; maximum single-core turbo up to 6.20 GHz
CPU coresDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Total of Performance-cores and Efficient-cores, which run at different speeds. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Total of Performance-cores and Efficient-cores, which run at different speeds. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	16	24
Performance-cores Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	8	8
Efficient-coresDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Efficient-cores are separate from Performance-cores. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Efficient-cores are separate from Performance-cores. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	8	16
ArchitectureDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Alder Lake	Raptor Lake
Maximum single-core turboDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	5.2 GHz	6.2 GHz
Performance-core base clock Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Performance-core base frequency. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Performance-core base frequency. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	3.2 GHz	3.2 GHz
Performance-core regular turboDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Peak Performance-core turbo, not a sustained all-core speed; separate from Turbo Boost Max 3.0 and Thermal Velocity Boost. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Peak Performance-core turbo, not a sustained all-core speed; separate from Turbo Boost Max 3.0 and Thermal Velocity Boost. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	5.1 GHz	5.7 GHz
Efficient-core base clock Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Efficient-core base frequency. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Efficient-core base frequency. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	2.4 GHz	2.4 GHz
Efficient-core maximum turboDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	3.9 GHz	4.5 GHz
Turbo Boost Max 3.0 frequencyDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency, not a sustained all-core speed; workload, cooling, power settings and the motherboard affect it. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	5.2 GHz	5.9 GHz
Thermal Velocity Boost frequency Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Intel's 12900K specification page doesn't list a Thermal Velocity Boost frequency. · Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Peak frequency when temperature and power allow, not a sustained all-core speed. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Not listed by the manufacturer	6.2 GHz
Intel Adaptive Boost Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Intel's 12900K specification page doesn't list Adaptive Boost Technology. · Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Not listed by the manufacturer	Yes
Tuning support Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's XTU page names this processor; use the 7.14 branch (7.14.2.93), as version 10.0 is for Core Ultra Series 2 and newer. Needs an overclocking-capable chipset, supported Windows and BIOS; results aren't guaranteed. Intel XTU — exact supported models and version 7.14 platform requirements Intel unlocked processors — model example and tuning conditions Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's XTU page names this processor; use the 7.14 branch (7.14.2.93), as version 10.0 is for Core Ultra Series 2 and newer. Needs an overclocking-capable chipset, supported Windows and BIOS; results aren't guaranteed. Intel XTU — exact supported models and version 7.14 platform requirements Intel i9-14900KS — archived 14 March 2024 launch and exact unlocked features	Unlocked processor; Intel XTU 7.14 supported	Unlocked processor; Intel XTU 7.14 supported
CPU unlocked for overclocking Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel lists the processor as unlocked; the motherboard and firmware must support it, and overclocking can affect stability and warranty. Intel XTU — exact supported models and version 7.14 platform requirements Intel unlocked processors — model example and tuning conditions Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel lists the processor as unlocked; the motherboard and firmware must support it, and overclocking can affect stability and warranty. Intel XTU — exact supported models and version 7.14 platform requirements Intel unlocked processors — model example and tuning conditions Intel i9-14900KS — archived 14 March 2024 launch and exact unlocked features	Yes	Yes
Maximum CPU configuration Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Single-processor platforms. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Single-processor platforms. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	1	1
Intel Thread Director Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Helps the operating system schedule work across Performance-cores and Efficient-cores. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Helps the operating system schedule work across Performance-cores and Efficient-cores. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes
Intel Hyper-Threading Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Only the Performance-cores run two threads each; 24 threads in total. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Only the Performance-cores run two threads each; 32 threads in total. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes

L3 cacheDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel Smart Cache (L3). Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel Smart Cache (L3). Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	30 MB	36 MB
Total L2 cacheDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Total L2 cache, distinct from shared L3. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Total L2 cache, distinct from shared L3. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	14 MB	32 MB

Memory supportDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Up to DDR5-4800 or DDR4-3200; 128 GB maximum; 2 channels	Up to DDR5-5600 or DDR4-3200; 192 GB maximum; 2 channels
Memory channels Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	2	2
Maximum supported memoryDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	128 GB	192 GB
Rated DDR5 transfer ceilingDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	4800 MT/s	5600 MT/s
Rated DDR4 transfer ceiling Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Choose a motherboard for either DDR5 or DDR4; the processor supports both, but a board takes only one type. Rated speeds depend on the memory configuration and motherboard. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	3200 MT/s	3200 MT/s
Published maximum memory bandwidthDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum memory bandwidth; actual bandwidth depends on the memory configuration. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum memory bandwidth; actual bandwidth depends on the memory configuration. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	76.8 GB/s	89.6 GB/s
CPU ECC memory capability Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs a motherboard chipset, BIOS and memory that enable ECC. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs a motherboard chipset, BIOS and memory that enable ECC. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes

Socket Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · The socket alone doesn't guarantee support; check the motherboard's CPU-support list and BIOS. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · The socket alone doesn't guarantee support; check the motherboard's CPU-support list and BIOS. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	FCLGA1700	FCLGA1700
CPU PCI Express Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel lists 1×16+4 or 2×8+4 lane configurations; board wiring and chipset lanes are separate. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel lists 1×16+4 or 2×8+4 lane configurations; board wiring and chipset lanes are separate. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	PCIe 5.0 and 4.0; up to 20 CPU lanes	PCIe 5.0 and 4.0; up to 20 CPU lanes
Maximum CPU PCIe lanes Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Lanes provided by the processor; chipset lanes and board slots are separate. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Lanes provided by the processor; chipset lanes and board slots are separate. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	20	20
CPU-to-chipset interface Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · DMI links the processor to the chipset; these lanes aren't extra slots. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · DMI links the processor to the chipset; these lanes aren't extra slots. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	DMI 4.0; up to 8 lanes	DMI 4.0; up to 8 lanes
BIOS and stability guidanceDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's statement of 30 August 2024 covers the 13th/14th-generation Vmin Shift issue only. Intel employee statement — 12th-generation products outside the Vmin Shift issue Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's guidance reduces a specific reported instability risk; it doesn't repair a processor that is already damaged. Intel Vmin Shift guidance — reviewed 21 July 2026	Not affected by the 13th/14th-generation Vmin Shift issue	Use the latest board BIOS with Intel microcode 0x12F or later and the relevant Intel Default Settings

Integrated graphics or none Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Display output needs a motherboard with video ports. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Display output needs a motherboard with video ports. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Intel UHD Graphics 770	Intel UHD Graphics 770
Integrated graphics available Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel UHD Graphics 770 built in; display outputs depend on the motherboard. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel UHD Graphics 770 built in; display outputs depend on the motherboard. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes
Integrated graphics base frequency Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Graphics base frequency. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Graphics base frequency. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	300 MHz	300 MHz
Integrated graphics dynamic ceilingDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Maximum graphics clock. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Maximum graphics clock. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	1.55 GHz	1.65 GHz
Graphics execution units Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel execution units; not directly comparable with other GPU designs. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel execution units; not directly comparable with other GPU designs. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	32	32
Processor graphics interfaces Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Interfaces the processor supports; the motherboard decides which ports are fitted. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Interfaces the processor supports; the motherboard decides which ports are fitted. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	eDP 1.4b; DisplayPort 1.4a; HDMI 2.1	eDP 1.4b; DisplayPort 1.4a; HDMI 2.1
Published display mode limits Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Separate limits for each interface; they don't all apply at once, and the board, cable and display must support them. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Separate limits for each interface; they don't all apply at once, and the board, cable and display must support them. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	HDMI: 4096 × 2160 at 60 Hz; DP: 7680 × 4320 at 60 Hz; eDP: 5120 × 3200 at 120 Hz	HDMI: 4096 × 2160 at 60 Hz; DP: 7680 × 4320 at 60 Hz; eDP: 5120 × 3200 at 120 Hz
Maximum supported displays Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Up to four displays, depending on the motherboard, drivers and operating system; not all at each interface's maximum mode. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Up to four displays, depending on the motherboard, drivers and operating system; not all at each interface's maximum mode. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	4	4
Graphics API support Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · API versions supported by the built-in graphics; drivers and the operating system also matter. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · API versions supported by the built-in graphics; drivers and the operating system also matter. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	DirectX 12; OpenGL 4.5; OpenCL 3.0	DirectX 12; OpenGL 4.5; OpenCL 3.0
Multi-format codec engines Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Number of media engines. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Number of media engines. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	2	2
Intel Quick Sync Video Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Hardware video encoding and decoding; check that your software supports it. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Hardware video encoding and decoding; check that your software supports it. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes
Intel Clear Video HD Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes
Integrated GPU device IDDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Graphics device ID. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Graphics device ID. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	0x4680	0xA780
Gaussian and Neural Accelerator Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's Gaussian & Neural Accelerator; not comparable with NPU TOPS ratings. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's Gaussian & Neural Accelerator; not comparable with NPU TOPS ratings. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Intel GNA 3.0	Intel GNA 3.0
CPU Deep Learning Boost Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · CPU instructions for AI workloads. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · CPU instructions for AI workloads. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes

Processor power definitionsDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	125 W Processor Base Power; 241 W Maximum Turbo Power	150 W Processor Base Power; 253 W Maximum Turbo Power
Processor Base PowerDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	125 W	150 W
Maximum Turbo PowerDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's base and maximum turbo power ratings, not measured system power. Check the motherboard's power settings and cooling. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	241 W	253 W
Maximum junction temperature Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum junction temperature, not a typical running temperature. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's maximum junction temperature, not a typical running temperature. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	100 °C	100 °C
Included boxed cooler Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel doesn't include a cooler with this boxed processor; tray and OEM bundles may differ. Intel desktop boxed processor contents Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel doesn't include a cooler with this boxed processor; tray and OEM bundles may differ. Intel desktop boxed processor cooling contents	No included cooler	No included cooler
Clock and thermal management Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel power-management technologies. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel power-management technologies. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Speed Shift; Turbo Boost 2.0; Turbo Boost Max 3.0; Enhanced SpeedStep; idle states; thermal monitoring	Speed Shift; Turbo Boost 2.0; Turbo Boost Max 3.0; Enhanced SpeedStep; idle states; thermal monitoring

Process technology Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's process name. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's process name. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Intel 7	Intel 7
CPU package dimensions Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Size of the processor package, not the retail box. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Size of the processor package, not the retail box. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	45.0 × 37.5 mm	45.0 × 37.5 mm
Boxed ordering codeDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's order code for the boxed version; tray and China-market BXC versions have different codes. Intel i9-12900K — exact BOX ordering and specification codes Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's order code for the boxed version; tray and China-market BXC versions have different codes. Intel i9-14900KS — exact BOX ordering and specification codes	BX8071512900K	BX8071514900KS
Specification codes and steppingsDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel lists this specification code and stepping for the boxed order code. Intel i9-12900K — exact BOX ordering and specification codes Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel lists this specification code and stepping for the boxed order code. Intel i9-14900KS — exact BOX ordering and specification codes	SRL4H (C0)	SRN7R (B0)
Boxed packagingDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel moved the i9-12900K to a standard box design. The earlier premium box, with the processor in a golden plastic wafer holder, is discontinued but may still be on sale; check which box the seller supplies. Intel i9-12900K and i9-12900KS — original and replacement packaging Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel moved the i9-14900KS to a standard box design. The earlier premium box, with the processor in a silver plastic wafer holder, is discontinued; the processor is the same in either box. Check which box the seller supplies. Intel i9-14900K and i9-14900KS — boxed packaging transition	Standard box; premium gold-wafer box discontinued	Standard box; premium silver-wafer box discontinued

Instruction set and extensions Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Instruction sets Intel lists; AVX-512 is not listed. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Instruction sets Intel lists; AVX-512 is not listed. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Intel 64; 64-bit; SSE4.1; SSE4.2; AVX2	Intel 64; 64-bit; SSE4.1; SSE4.2; AVX2
Intel Volume Management Device Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Yes
Intel Optane Memory support Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs a compatible chipset, drive, software and operating system. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Intel's 14900KS specification page doesn't list Optane Memory support. · Manufacturer specification Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Yes	Not listed by the manufacturer
Intel vPro eligibilityDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; vPro eligibility isn't certification of a built PC. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; vPro eligibility isn't certification of a built PC. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Enterprise	Enterprise; Essentials; Platform
Listed management capabilitiesDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	AMT; Standard Manageability; One-Click Recovery; Hardware Shield eligibility; Stable IT Platform Program	AMT; Standard Manageability; Remote Platform Erase; One-Click Recovery; Hardware Shield eligibility
Listed security capabilitiesDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; no system is secure against every threat. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers and operating system; no system is secure against every threat. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Threat Detection; Secure Key; Control-Flow Enforcement; Total Memory Encryption - Multi Key; AES New Instructions; OS Guard; Trusted Execution; Execute Disable Bit; Boot Guard; Mode-based Execute Control; Total Memory Encryption	Threat Detection; Secure Key; Control-Flow Enforcement; Total Memory Encryption - Multi Key; AES New Instructions; OS Guard; Trusted Execution; Execute Disable Bit; Boot Guard; Mode-based Execute Control
Virtualization capabilities Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs support from the motherboard, chipset, BIOS, drivers, operating system and software. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	VT-rp; VT-x; VT-d; Extended Page Tables	VT-rp; VT-x; VT-d; Extended Page Tables
Manufacturer launch quarterDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Intel's launch quarter, not a sign of current stock. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Intel's launch quarter, not a sign of current stock. Intel Core i9-14900KS — manufacturer specifications	Q4 2021	Q1 2024
Intel Application OptimizationDifferent Sources Intel Core i9-12900K Manufacturer specification · Needs Windows 11, a compatible BIOS and Intel DTT/IPF (DTT 11405 or newer). The 12900K falls under Intel's 12th-generation Advanced Mode policy; limited support can cause slowdowns, and only selected applications benefit. Intel Core i9-12900K — manufacturer specifications Intel Application Optimization — verified models and limited Advanced Mode support Intel Core i9-14900KS Manufacturer specification · Needs Windows 11, a compatible BIOS and Intel DTT/IPF. Intel lists the 14900KS as a supported processor; only selected applications benefit. Intel Application Optimization — verified models and limited Advanced Mode support	Limited (Advanced Mode only)	Supported

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AMD's official boxed-product artwork associated with Ryzen 9 7950X on its exact manufacturer product page; the visible artwork identifies the family rather than a readable exact model number.

AMD Ryzen 9 7950X

CPU cores: 16 cores
Maximum boost clock: 5.7 GHz
L3 cache: 64 MB

AMD's official boxed-product artwork for Ryzen 9 9950X; the exact model is established by its manufacturer page, not a readable model number on the visible box face.

AMD Ryzen 9 9950X

CPU cores: 16 cores
Maximum boost clock: 5.7 GHz
L3 cache: 64 MB

AMD's official boxed-product artwork associated with Ryzen 9 7950X3D on its exact manufacturer product page; the visible artwork identifies the family rather than a readable exact model number.

AMD Ryzen 9 7950X3D

CPU cores: 16 cores
Maximum boost clock: 5.7 GHz
L3 cache: 128 MB

AMD's official boxed-product artwork associated with Ryzen 9 7900X on its exact manufacturer product page; the visible artwork identifies the family rather than a readable exact model number.

AMD Ryzen 9 7900X

CPU cores: 12 cores
Maximum boost clock: 5.6 GHz
L3 cache: 64 MB